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Secrets of tiny diving mammals revealed

Scientists revealed the secrets of tiny creature.

Eurasian Water shrew

The use of DNA samples to construct an evolutionary tree, scientists discovered that diving behaviour  
developed five distinct instances on this group of insect-consuming mammals..

[  To clear..

What is evolutionary tree?


(Like above) A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.
About Water Shrew
The Eurasian water shrew, known in the United Kingdom as the water shrew, is a relatively large shrew, up to 10 cm long, with a tail up to three-quarters as long again. It has short, dark fur & a few stiff hairs around the feet and tail..

]

The ability of those small, warm-blooded animals to dive and hunt in cooling water appears to defy biological process logic.

To track this stunning biological process journey, the scientists collected DNA samples from 71 completely different species all belonging to an oversized group of related, insect-eating mammals, together referred to as Eulipotyphla.

That Greek term translates to "the truly fat and blind"; it's a group of mammals that has hedgehogs, moles and shrews.

Once he and his colleagues had created their Eulipotyphla family tree - building the genetic code into an in depth image of the relationship between every species - they were able to use that data to trace the evolution of diving behaviour.

"We mapped the evolution of one protein, known as myoglobin, that stores oxygen within the muscle," explained Dr Berenbrink. & this key protein raised in abundance in the animals' muscles."

He explained that 
this is the modification required for an animal to store a lot of oxygen in its muscles, thus it will hold its breath underneath water and hunt. That "diving signature" occurred 5 distinct times in this group of animals.

"They're so small, they lose heat so quickly, and they are burning energy at such a high rate & 
"It simply shows us what nature will really do.

More information in this video..!



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